Everything about Ecology Movement totally explained
The global
ecology movement is one of several new
social movements that emerged at the end of the
sixties; as a values-driven social movement, it should be distinguished from the pre-existing science of
ecology. The movement's growth has been stimulated by a widespread acknowledgement of an ecological crisis of our planet. Its story has run alongside the
environmental narratives that have reached popular consciousness. From the
conservation movement at the beginning of the 20th century, then with concern in the sixties about chemical
pesticides, the ecological movement was born with
Rachel Carson's
Silent Spring. There was a great deal of concern over
nuclear weapons and
nuclear power in sixties and seventies, then there was
acid rain in the eighties,
ozone depletion and
deforestation in the nineties, and now
climate change is the biggest concern for many. As well as the bigger global issues like these and species extinction, the ecology movement also encompasses any group wishing to protect the environment.
The ecology movement has evolved and branched out to different means of effecting change. There is the political branch with the
Green parties. Organisations like
Greenpeace were more radical, taking direct action against environmental destruction. Its views on people, behaviors, events centered around the political and lifestyle implications of the science of
ecology and the idea of
nature as a value in itself. "Ecology movement" is an
umbrella term for different groups,
ideologies and
attitudes.
Looking under the umbrella
Although
Green parties have roots in the ecology movement, they're a separate movement. Political
Greens have
social justice concerns which go beyond ecology.
Today the term "ecology movement" is associated often with the more moral, more confrontational, and more rigorous stance taken by
Greenpeace and other even more radical
NGOs, for example
Earth First, Earth Action,
Sea Shepherd, in favor of the
Precautionary Principle and strong fundamental preventive measures for
biosafety,
biosecurity and
biodiversity. The methods of these groups often involve the idea of
Direct action.
A radical wing of the ecology movement opposes and actually sabotages or destroys
infrastructural capital of what they deem to be "Earth rapist" activities. This includes the Anarchist Golfing Association and the
Earth Liberation Front, which are sometimes accused of
terrorism. Even though no physical harm has come to an animal or human being, they've inflicted large economic losses on many economies. Their acts include the fire-bombing of a Forestry Service installation in Erie, Pennsylvania. Very few in the ecology movement would accept doing
bodily harm by non-legal means to achieve their goals - they've no organized presence and are rejected by almost all players in the ecology movement. Some who hold property damage and
bodily harm in
moral equivalence, may reject this distinction, for example the US
FBI which has labelled the
Earth Liberation Front as a "terrorist group" (although the
U.S. Department of Defense does not).
On the other side of the spectrum, there are individuals and groups that believe in either a more political-lobbyist or more scientific than activist approach.
At least since the
Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992, the discussion about
sustainable development and
sustainability has surfaced and partly replaced older ecological oriented ideologies. This and the establishment of a global
anti-globalization movement in the late 1990s can be seen as follow-ups to the ecological movement. (See
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development.)
Further Information
Get more info on 'Ecology Movement'.
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